Medicinal plants for the treatment of respiratory ailments
There is a multitude of respiratory diseases accompanied (to a greater or lesser degree) by cough, although the most common ones usually involve acute bronchitis. For its treatment, phytotherapy has medicinal plants with antitussive, expectorant and antiseptic activity of the respiratory tract, which have proven to be clearly effective.
Antiseptic respiratory plants:
Medicinal plants, which exert an antiseptic action on the respiratory tract, can be administered orally, since the body is able to eliminate their active principles (generally essential oils) through the pulmonary alveoli, producing the expected antiseptic action. Within the group of plants rich in essential oil with antiseptic effect we find eucalyptus, which is the most typical medicinal plant in the treatment of upper respiratory tract diseases.
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Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus L.)
The drug consists of the leaves. Its main active ingredients are essential oil (1.0β3.5%), flavonoids, triterpenes, tannins, phenolic acids derived from benzoic acid, phenolic acids derived from cinnamic acid and floroglucinols. Due to the essential oil, eucalyptus has respiratory antiseptic, bronchial secretion fluidizing (mucolytic), expectorant, antispasmodic and anti-inflammatory effect.
It is a very useful drug in the treatment of respiratory conditions such as bronchitis, colds and unproductive cough. It is also used for the treatment of asthma, sinusitis, fever and flu, and topically, it is used to treat skin lesions and acne.
Licorice (Glycyrrhiza glabra L.)
Licorice roots and rhizome are used. The drug contains mainly triterpene saponins (3β15%), flavonoids, coumestanes, hydroxycoumarins, essential oil and steroids.
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Although it is classified as an anti-ulcer medicinal plant, it also exerts an effective expectorant effect because its saponin content increases the production of bronchial secretions by irritation of the bronchial mucosa. In addition, it has mineralocorticoid action (increases renal reabsorption of sodium and water and potassium elimination).
Tomillo (Thymus vulgaris L.)
The parts used are the aerial sumidad and roots. The drug contains essential oil, flavonoids, phenolic acids derived from cinnamic acid, saponins and tanninsβ¦.
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